Monday, 25 July 2016

Monthly Meeting Notes July 13

  Latest News

Please follow this link regarding the pricing concerns which we voiced to Caroline Miller.

Pricing Concerns Answers from Caroline Miller

 

We started off our meeting with look at  the Bardon Mill Pottery Kilns which Val has visited and recommends, easy to get to with a regular bus service (time table below) and rail links from Bardon Mill to Newcastle.

Here is a little sample from the web site which has some interesting storeys

The original founders Errington and Reay established their pottery at Bardon Mill in 1878 in the once water powered Woollen Mill which operated from the late seventeenth century. It remained a family business since Victorian times when it earned its nationwide reputation for high quality sanitary ware, drainage pipes and ornamental pottery for domestic use.

Errington Reay is a well-known and highly respected brand of British made pottery established in 1878. We are unique in being the last commercial pottery facility in Britain licensed to produce salt glaze - and today, we are proud that it is still a traditional family run pottery and a premium brand sought after for its individual salt glaze and top quality craftsmanship. 




We had a short  discussion on first world war war poets and about Ralph Erskine the architect of the Byker Wall. We finalised our comments regarding the current pricing and funding of Newcastle's Adult Learning which we will send to the head of Newcastle Adult Learning over the price increase and lack of concession for pensioners and the less well off. It appears that there are only concessions for people who are Job Seekers nothing for pensioners and  people with low income.

We next discussed the proposed visit to the Ouseburn which was mentioned last month. The plan is to meet up on Wednesday August 3 10:30 outside the Tanners Arms on New Bridge Street for a heritage walk. We hope to visit the Cluny to see Eric's plague then down to the farm and the river side walk looking at various historic areas and using some of Maureen's Ouseburn Heritage magazines to inform us of its rich history. 



Here is an extract about the Ouseburn from Newcastle The Biography by A.W Purdue which is reviewed further down the pages.

'To the east of the town centre there was a cluster of industries and workshops on the banks of the Ouseburn. Glass making there dated back to the seventeenth century and there were potteries, brickyards, a copperas works, a foundry, small boatyards and a ropery. A somewhat larger enterprise was Morrison's engineering works started at mid century to make marine engines, steam hammers and cranes. It failed in 1866 but was succeeded by a unique experiment when, under the aegis of Dr Rutherford, a Nonconformist minister and philanthropist, a co-operative was set up to take over the works; it to went bankrupt. More typical of the Ouesburn were manufactures which polluted the stream and spread noxious fumes, such as tanneries, dye works, the processing of bones into manure and chemical works for the valley was far enough from the town centre and genteel areas for these to be tolerated. Newcastle was far too upstream to be suitable for shipyards building large ships (Armstrong's was unusual and had not started off as a shipyard) and the first shipyards below Newcastle were at Walker, not yet part of the town, though increasingly physically and economically integrated with it.'


Review of Newcastle The Biography by A.W. Purdue, Amberley Publishing 2011 by Derek Trueman


The back cover of the book summary does not do the book the justice it deserves and unless you open up the book and flick through the chapters you may be put off by it.
You can buy the book from the Works at a cut down price of around £10 originally £16.99.  It is a substantial history of Newcastle with the early Medieval and Tutor chapters setting the scene for the social and economic discussion in the latter chapters which reach their peak in the two long chapters Newcastle in the long eighteen century and the next chapter Victorian Newcastle, both chapters being around 70 pages long. It shows where Purdue's real interests concentrate. The wrangling of the Merchants, Bondsmen, Guilds men, Nobility and the Elders makes interesting reading along with the social impact as they merge together to form Newcastle's Polite Society.
Purdue has done extensive research and reading which punctuates the chapters with references from a wide range of authors. Its unfortunate that references are numbered and that to find out more you need to refer to the index at the back of the book, some people prefer full references in the page which they can thumbnail or mark the page to come back to. Another example of flipping backwards and forwards is with the illustrations which are very good and some quite rare; but they are in the middle of the book, understandably because of the expense of in line images on pages with print. Perhaps we have been spoilt by in line images and print in web pages.
The changing face of politics in Newcastle during the pre and post wars is another interesting aspect of the book and Newcastle's Councils limited vision and provision is highlighted just as it was in the Victorian period. The idea that planners thought that the working class would prefer flats to nice leafy suburban lanes of well cultivated front gardens and cars on drives struck a chord.
Overall a very informative book that dispels the myth of Newcastle's development and prosperity being solely dependant on coal and heavy industry rather than trading, commerce, administration and education.

 Next Meeting




A field trip to the Ouseburn on Wednesday August 3 at 10:30, meeting outside the Tanners Arms on the junction of Stoddart Street and Newbridge Street.




Saturday, 2 July 2016

Monthly Meeting Notes June


Monthly meeting notes June


This month we held our meeting at Cullercoats Fishing Village, the weather was misty and a fine drizzle fell but this did not stop us from looking at some of the local history and heritage of the village.

We based our walk on the Cullercoats Art Trail brochure from North Tyneside Council Tourism Development as well as supplementing it with some of our own research, you can find a PDF download of the Art Trail here:

Cullercoats Art trail

North Tyneside Council Web site tends to move these links around, if you can not get to the down load page then try the following link from our shared area of the blog.

Art Trail shared link

Cullercoats Station


We started off from the Monument Metro Station and caught a Metro to Cullercoats Station. Joan had some interesting facts about the station

Cullercoats Metro Station
The original station opened by Blyth and Tyne Railway  1864; it was located further inland than the present station which was rebuilt in 1882. The old station was closed in 1882 and is now occupied by housing on Sedbergh road. The replacement station was built by North Eastern Railway and opened on July 3 1882. It was a popular station and a ticket count for 1911 showed 271,939 tickets were issued that year.

The only major architectural changes were alterations to the verandas in 1920 and the demolition of the station master house and adjoining signal box. Cullercoats Station was closed in 1979 for a year due to the conversion to the Metro system. Nexus who run the Metro had done some research which indicated that playing classic music reduced anti-social behaviour but that was subsequently discontinued.

Early History of the village


Joan gave us a brief description of the early history of the village starting off when it was founded in 1539 after the dissolution of Tynemouth Monestry. In Thomlinson's Comprehensive Guide to Northumberlan (1888) he estimates the age of the village to be no more than 300 years old. Originally it was called Arnolds Close, with a water mill and steaming salt pans. Before it became a fishing village Cullercoats main industry was mining and the production of salt by using the coal obtained through bell pits to fire large iron pans that evaporated the sea water after the sea water had been refined and cleared.

In 1682 a new harbour and pier was built and one of the first maps to show Cullercoats was Collins Chart of the Tyne which shows Cullercoats as Collarcoats, it was again listed as Collarcoats in the 1695 Great Britain's Coasting Pilot list.


1693-1793 Newcastle upon Tyne Northumberland Coastal Chart by Greenville Collins



 As the near by mines were depleted, coal was brought into the harbour by a Wagonway buit in 1690. By 1710 the coal had declined and in 1726 the last shipment of salt was taken from the harbour. The salt pans moved to Blyth leaving only the fishing to sustain the village.

Cullercoats has been described as having the best fish market in the North of England. In 19th century two piers were built at the harbour entrance.


harbour entrance
This provided shelter for fishing vessels and cobles. Boats were guided into the bay at night by two beacons, when lined up it was safe to turn into the harbour. Salt water baths were established in 1807 and with the coming of the railway in 1864 Cullercoats became a good location to visit as a day trip or to stay either on holiday or as a commuter.

Our journey from the station took us down Station Road and the first left down St Oswins Avenue.

 We looked at the former house of John Falconar Slater where a Blue Plaque has been erected to celebrate John Falconer Slater who was one of the leading members of the Cullercoats Artists' Colony, and is particularly renowned for his seascapes such as "Stormy Sea at Cullercoats" in the North Tyneside Council Art collection.

Former house of John Falconar Slater 19 St Oswins Avenue Cullercoats

Before becoming a professional artist, John Falconar Slater (1857-1937) worked as a book keeper for his father's corn mill, and then ran a store in the diamond fields of South Africa.
He exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1889 and 1936, and his work is particularly strong at depicting the different moods of the North Sea coast.
Slater lived in Forest Hall and then rented a house in Killingworth, where all his children were born. He also is recorded as living at various addresses in Whitley Bay, before moving to Cullercoats.
Regarded as one of the finest maritime painters of the period, he was nicknamed the 'weatherproof artist' for his practice of painting outdoors in all conditions.

 (Laurie McCann North Tyneside Council)



Stormy Seas, click on link below for larger image

 Larger image from North Tyneside Gallery


More details here on John Falconar here:

Travelling down to the end of St Oswins Avenue we turned left onto Marden Avenue until we reached Belverly Terrace where we saw two very interesting items. The first was the Adamson Memorial Drinking Fountain. Unveiled in 1888 the white marble spire rises from an octagonal trough. It has bronze lion head spouts more like dull grey iron due to the corrosive nature of the sea air, around the marble are motifs of dolphins, shell and foliate reliefs.  The trough has previously had drinking cups attached to it but they are sadly gone. The base has a white marble panel with the memorial to Bryan John Huthwaite Adamson whoes ship went missing 1887.

Adamson Memorial Drinking Fountain




To the south of the drinking fountain across the road a building can be seen as part of a terrace of houses that is unusual because it does not contain a second upper floor.

Joan explains this as mentioned earlier to provide safe access for boats who would align the mast with the one across the road to enable them to safely navigate the harbour in poor weather or at night.
John Wilson Carmichael Tynemouth from Cullercoats showing navigation mast

tynemouth-from-cullercoats larger print here:

 Our attention was now turned to the North and we walked a few paces to the Dove Marine Laboratory, now part of The Newcastle University Campus. The Laboratory was opened on September 29 1908 by the Duke of Northumberland but there was a small wooden laboratory which was on site in 1887 but lasted only 7 years before it was burned down. It is said that the lab has played a pivitol role in contributing to our understanding of fisheries science, marine organismal biology, ecology and of human impacts on our oceans.

Dove Marine Laboratory 



Dove looking south west


Our view from here looking north encompassed the Laboratory, the Lifeboat Station and Browns Point where an early wireless telegraphy station was located.


The photo above can not compare with John Falconar Slater's Cullercoats 1910 below

John Falconar Slater's Cullercoats 1910 
Larger image here:

Across the road on the junction of John Street, Beverly Terrace and Victoria Crescent is the Rocket Garage. The original location of the Cullercoats Volunteer Life Brigade dated 1867.

The  Brigade formed in 1865 and was only the second such brigade to form in Britain. At that time it numbered 60 to 70 men. They would have stored the life boat equipment such as rockets, lines, tackles and grappling hooks in what is now the Rocket Garage. Looking back over the road to the Dove and beyond you can see the current life boat station on the beach the original boathouse was built in 1896 and was funded by the Co-oerative Wholesale Society. The Watch House behind  is at a point where the villages would keep watch for the return of their folk,  it was built in 1879 to act as a look out tower for both the villagers and voluntary life brigade.


Lifeboat station showing the Watch House behind it
Watch House showing clock and bell

The look out tower was part of the clock turret which also contained a bell that could be rung in foggy conditions to guide the fishing cobles back to the shore. The clock works are those belonging the old Cullercoats clock, which some twenty years ago had, by the kindness of a few philanthropic individuals, been placed in the end of a private house for the use of the fishing population of the village, and with the consent of all concerned it was removed to the position in the new building which it now occupies.


 Just passed the Watch House across the road is Winslow Court, named after Winslow Homer and stands on the site of the former Bay Hotel Opened in 1870 as the Hudleston Arms, this was where Winslow Homer lived during his time in Cullercoats.

Winslow Court
Winslow Homer was part of the Cullercoats artists colony which dates back to the 1820's amongst those that were inspired by the  fisher folk of Cullercoats were Robert Jobling, John Falconar Slater,
William Henry Charlton, H.H. Emmerson, Birket Foster and J.D. Watson.

Mending the Nets Winslow Homer 1882

When the boats come in Robert Jobling (1841-1923)
Larger and more images here:

 Cliff House

 Our last leg of the tour was to Cliff House originally known as Bank Top House and just a few short steps from the Watch House.


Joan informs us that The Cliff house was built in 1768 by Thomas Armstrong, his occupation was a Commander of His Majesty's cuttter Bridlington, the customs vessel patrolled the seas from Newcastle to Sunderland to intercept smugglers, his pay was menial so how was Thomas wealthy enough to purchase land and build the house?

Thomas made his mark early in his career , he had engineered the dismissal of the previous captain and obtained the post, there were allegations by his crew, he had struck them or dismissed them. His expenses claims were queried by the Customs Board. Thomas had family members in the business, i.e. his farther who lived in Cliff House. His farther was Chief Riding Supervisor for the coast from Sunderland to Newcastle in charge of land operations against smugglers.

In 1771 Thomas was charged and convicted of permitting smugglers to escape, also of giving false accounts on seized goods. Thomas who had five previous investigations or complaints, was suspended for three months, paid a fine and received a severe public reprimand. he was allowed to return to sea by February 1772, even his mother-in-law suffered from his deviance, after his farther-in-law disappeared at sea, Thomas was executor and fraudulently obtained the inheritance. His mother -in-law brought a law suit against him, however whilst she was in London fighting her case, Thomas brought a counter action unknown to her, the result was she was jailed at Morpeth for contempt of court. In Newcastle 1776 Thomas and his associates including family deliberately allowed two notorious smugglers to escape from their care, he was dismissed from the service, however he accumulated wealth to start trading as a goldsmith, his wealth was proberly from a protection racket and partnership with smugglers.



The unique architecture of the house explains his secret life of crime e.g. a secret passage accessed by a trap door in his study, led down through the cliff to a small beach exit, now blocked by sea wall defences built in 1960's. The cellar had wrought iron bars, separating prison type cells with neck manacles. It may have been a bounded store, however by 1771 it was used to store smugglers and their goods.



The house was extended in the merging with an 1720 adjoining cottage and another cottage in 1840. A Harry Hewistson owned it in 1837. In 1846 the house was purchased by Robert Arkwright (son of Richard) for his wife Fanny. The Duke of Devonshire was a frequent visitor and it is suggested he had an affair with Fanny. The Duke of Devonshire's bedroom at Cliff House was said to be similar to his own at Chatsworth. In December 2004 Cliff House suffered severe fire damage.

 Useful links


http://www.cullercoats.org.uk/

Winslow-Homer-in-Cullercoats

Cullercoats an Artists Colony


Our next meeting will be back at the Hancock Museum upstairs cafe: Wednesday July 13 10:30. Topics for discussion is a trip to the Ouesburn, please bring along any material of interest.


Tuesday, 7 June 2016

Monthly Meeting Notes May 11

This month we had a wide variety of topics to talk about. We started off with the Ouseburn which is where Eric took guided walks for many years and he will be often be  remembered for his informative and enthusiastic tours.


Byker, Newcastle, September 1970

The Ouseburn and Glasshouse Road Bridge can be picked out on the right edge of the image with Brough Park dog stadium on the left. Spillers Flour Mills is the building reflecting the light in the lower middle of the image. Tyne and Wear Archives
 Bigger Image here


We followed on with a talk about the churches around the area and nearly everyone had a mention about a particular church and for those of us who did not know it was a surprise to find out how many there were that sprang up in the 19th Century for all denominations.

John mentioned in his Parish there were up to 5000 catholics in and around Byker until the redevelopment which left only 1000. Shelagh told us a little bit about Coffee Johnny the Blacksmith from Winlayton. She had a great portrait of him which she showed us and promised to do a write up of his history in the near future.

Shelagh told us a little bit about the old Bonded Warehouses that were down near the Ouseburn and what it was like to work there.

If you are interested in guided walks along the Ouseburn here are some up and coming events:



You can find the rest on their April News Sheet:

ouseburntrust.org.uk

Local History in a letter

An article by Ian Macrae


I brought along a letter from Andrew Laing the great benefactor for the Laing Art Gallery, it was dated 1865 and was from a wine supplier in Edingburgh. I was given this letter as a present from my friend Ian Macrae who has written a small piece below.





This is entire letter from Alexander Laing in Newcastle to Messrs J Jeffrey & Co. Brewers in
Edinburgh and is dated 12th June 1865. The letter relates to a bankers draft for £463. I suspect it is payments received, by customers of J. Jeffrey, by Alexander Laing and F M Laing.


Here are some questions relating to the letter:



l.) What does pro mean in front of Alexander Laing signature?
2.) Who is F.M. Laing ?
3.) Where did Alexander Laing live ?
4.) If he could afford to donate £30,000, how did he accumulate his wealth ?
5.) What else did he do other than sell beer for an Edinburgh brewer ?



1.) 

Pro is most likely to stand for the Latin Pro I For. So is this a letter signed by Both Alexander
Laing and F.M. Laing. Or is it F.M. Laing signing for Alexander Laing. I am not sure. You
would need to see an original signature by Alexander Laing. Maybe “Clue 3 “ can lead you in
that direction.

2.)

F.M. Laing....Farquhar Milne Laing..... Alexander Laings younger brother. He has a social
history in Newcastle, see attached biographies from Central Library below. Bet you did not know that
F.M. Laing had the Eldon Grill and reputed to have introduced the idea of a Grill in a pub. He
also had hotels, The Empire Music Hall ,( Used to be in Newgate Street where the Swallow
Hotel now stands ) . He and Alexander Laing had there own Beer Bottle manufacturing plants.

3.) 



Best I can find is that both Alexander and F.M. Laing lived in Corbridge but when working as
representatives for J .Jeffries, they had offices in Market Street, Newcastle.

4.)

Interesting fact was that Alexander Laing died in 1905, a year after the Laing Art Gallery was
opened and his will left his estate to his Nephew and to his “adopted” son. Not sure how much
he left in his Will. Might be worth trying to find out.

5.)

I was able to find out a bit more on F.M. Laing than on Alexander Laing. The key bits l could
find was that F.M. Laing came to Newcastle to work with his older brother c1860 and worked
with him for ll years. The Jeffreys Brewers in Scotland moved from its GrassMarket site in
Edinburgh in l867. I do not know if in the ll years that FM Laing joined his brother they were
merely representatives of J Jeffreys. F.M. Laing went on to become a Representative in his own
right for another Edinburgh brewer, Usher. I came across articles which showed that there were
two beer bottling businesses in Newcasle and you could get beer bottles stamped Alexander
Laing and F.M. Laing. I do not know if the brothers owned their own factories or merely
commissioned the bottles to be made with their stamp. The brothers also appeared to invest in
Pubs, Hotels , Music Halls, Brewery in Newcastle. There is a comment in a Thesis at the
following URL: - https1//theses.ncl.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/l0443/199/1/bennison92.pdf


ALEXANDER LAING (1828-1905) WINE MERCHANT AND PATRON OF THE ARTS

 
Image from Laing Art Gallery's Companion Guide Book

In 1900 Newcastle Corporation, aware that Newcastle lacked the sort of art gallery possessed by other important town and cities, earmarked a site next to the Free Library in New Bridge Street and began to seek subscriptions. When only £1200 was raised the project seemed doomed. At this point Alexander wrote to the Corporation to announce that ‘in commemoration of a successful business career of fifty years in your midst, I am prepared to erect and present the City a building to be known as the Laing Gallery for the use and enjoyment of the public in perpetuity having no doubt, that by the liberality of the inhabitants it would soon be supplied with pictures and statuary for the encouragement and development of British Art’.


Image from http://blog.twmuseums.org.uk/laing-art-gallerys-companion-guide-book-marks-110-years-of-history/


Born in Forfarshire, Alexander Laing served his time in the drapery trade and worked in Belfast and
Edinburgh before arriving in Newcastle in 1849 to represent Jeffrey & Co., the well-known Edinburgh brewers. He later set up on his own account as a bottler then expanded into wines, spirits and the licensed trade, operating for many years from offices in Market Street.
The Edwardian Baroque Laing Art Gallery, with its Art Nouveau elements was designed by Messrs
Cackett and Burns Dick, and was opened in 1904 by Viscount Ridley.
In recognition of his generosity in spending over £30,000 for the benefit of his fellow citizens, Alexander Laing was given the Honorary Freedom of the City. The Art Gallery was not built to house an existing collection (Laing had not been a connoisseur or collector). At the opening it did not possess a single work of art and wood shavings were displayed to highlight the gallery’s plight.

Messrs J Jeffrey & Co. 


A brewery was reputedly operating on Heriot Bridge, Grassmarket, Edinburgh, Scotland, from the early sixteenth century. By 1800 the brewery was owned by Baillie Gordon, trading as Gordon & Hume, and in about 1820 it was acquired by Buchan & Co. Thomas Stewart took over the brewery in about 1830, followed by John Jeffrey and his younger brother David in 1837, trading under the name of John Jeffrey & Co. The Grassmarket site soon became cramped and land was purchased in 1865 at Roseburn, on the westem outskirts of Edinburgh, where new maltings, an ale store and a cooperage were built.

A new brewhouse was added to the Rosebum site in 1880 but brewing continued at the Heriot Brewery until 1900 when the site was sold to Heriot—Watt College for GBP 2,500. The firm was one of the pioneers of lager brewing in Scotland and had a large export trade and tied trade in Scotland and northern England, with deposits in Glasgow, Scotland, Newcastle~upon~Tyne, England and Manchester, England.

John Jeffrey & Co Ltd was registered in July 1934 as a private limited liability company to acquire the business. The company acquired Edinburgh United Breweries Ltd in 1935 and was converted into a public company in 1938. It supplied ale to James Calder Co Ltd, Alloa, Scotland, from 1951 and a new bottling plant was built at Sighthill, Edinburgh, in 1955.
ln February 1960 the company merged with Hammonds United Breweries Ltd, Bradford, West
Yorkshire, England, and Hope and Anchor Breweries Ltd, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England,
through Northern Breweries of Great Britain Ltd, York and London, England. United Breweries Ltd, as Northern Breweries of Great Britain Ltd was renamed, merged with Charrington United Breweries Ltd, London. Brewing continued at Heriot Brewery until its closure in the 1990s.



F.M. LAING

Farquar Milne Laing was born at Forfar in 1841 and initially came to
Newcastle c1860 to work with his brother, Alexander Laing. Around 1871 he
moved on to become northern counties agent for Edinburgh brewers, Usher
& Co. As F M Laing & Co. he began to build up his own portfolio of
licensed premises in Newcastle, South Shields and the Tyne Valley.
Amongst his Newcastle properties were the Royal Scotch Arms, the
Punchbowl, the Eldon Grill and the Pineapple; and at a presentation in 1915
As Laing was acknowledged as the person who introduced the restaurant and
grill system into the city. He also bought the Empire Theatre in Newgate
Street which was up-dated and eventually sold on to the Thornton-Moss
chain. F M Laing died in 1917 and the company's properties were finally disposed

of ten years later.




References



References to Alexander Laing ( From Central Library)
Obituary Weekly Chronicle 12.10.1905 & 14.10.1905
Newcastle Journal 28.5.1915 & 11.8.1917 & 6.10.1927
Newcastle Chronicle 20.12.1915
References to Farquhar Milne Laing ( From Central Library)
Obituary Weekly Chronicle 11.8.1917
Newcastle Journal 12.10.1905 & 7.10.1907 |& 6.8.1917
The Central Library also supplied me with the photocopies attached from a couple of books they held in archives. I wondered if Laing Art Gallery had any documents so I could compare signatures and was advised I could contact the following to inquire :-
Sarah Richardson, Keeper of Art, Laing Art Gallery 0191-232 7734


Ian Macrae June 2016

Whats On


Shipley Art Gallery



Laing Art Gallery

South Shields Museum.org.uk/

Our next meeting will be on location, looking at the local History of Cullercoats, a short 30 minute walk around some very interesting Art Heritage.

June 15 10:30 Greys Monument for departure to the coast via the Metro

Down load your Heritage map here: